Posted: May 18th, 2024

Research articles that relate to legislation that has affected current healthcare policies

PPT Presentation Week 3

o Research articles that relate to legislation that has affected current healthcare policies such as: Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIPPA), Affordable Care Act (ACA), Mental Health Parity Act (MHPA), Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA), Paperwork Reduction Act

Develop a PPT presentation with at least 20 slides (1 with APA references) explaining the health policy and policy-making process. Discuss the roles nursing organizations have played in influencing policy as it relates to the health policy/legislation selected. Discuss how this policy has impacted the healthcare system. Include how nurses can become involved in policymaking.

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Slide 1 (Title): The Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIPAA): Shaping Healthcare Policy

Slide 2 (Objectives):
– Explain key aspects of HIPAA legislation
– Discuss nursing organizations’ roles in influencing HIPAA policy
– Analyze HIPAA’s impact on the healthcare system
– Explore how nurses can get involved in health policymaking

Slide 3 (Overview of HIPAA):
– Enacted in 1996 to:
– Protect health insurance coverage for workers between jobs
– Safeguard patient privacy and health information security
– Reduce healthcare fraud and abuse
– Mandate industry-wide standards for health information and billing
– Led to major changes in how healthcare providers handle patient data

Slide 4 (HIPAA Title I – Health Insurance Reform):
– Limits restrictions that group health plans can place on benefits for preexisting conditions
– Prohibits discrimination against employees and dependents based on their health status
– Guarantees certain individuals will have access to individual health insurance policies
– Governs the use and disclosure of protected health information

Slide 5 (HIPAA Title II – Administrative Simplification):
– Directs HHS to establish national standards for processing electronic healthcare transactions
– Requires healthcare organizations to implement secure electronic access to health data
– Specifies compliance guidelines for privacy, security, and electronic transaction standards
– Addresses privacy of individually identifiable health information

Slide 6 (Privacy Rule):
– Establishes national standards to protect patient health information
– Requires safeguards to shield the privacy of personal health information
– Sets limits and conditions on the uses and disclosures of such information without patient consent
– Empowers patients with rights over their health information, including getting copies and requesting corrections

Slide 7 (Security Rule):
– Specifies safeguards that healthcare providers and others must put in place to protect electronic health information privacy
– Requires covered entities to maintain reasonable and appropriate administrative, technical, and physical safeguards
– Ensures the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of electronic protected health information
– Protects against reasonably anticipated threats, hazards, and impermissible uses or disclosures

Slide 8 (Enforcement Rule):
– Provides standards for the enforcement of HIPAA requirements
– Establishes rules around compliance reviews and investigations
– Details the process for imposing civil money penalties for HIPAA violations
– Outlines procedures for hearings in the case of HIPAA violation charges

Slide 9 (Breach Notification Rule):
– Requires covered entities and their business associates to notify individuals, HHS, and in some cases, the media, of a breach of unsecured protected health information
– Defines “breach” and specifies requirements for notice in the event of a breach
– Directs covered entities to notify HHS and in some cases the public about breaches within certain timeframes

Slide 10 (Omnibus Rule):
– Final rule issued in 2013 to implement changes under the HITECH Act
– Expands HIPAA obligations to business associates and their subcontractors
– Strengthens the limitations on the use and disclosure of protected health information for marketing and fundraising purposes
– Prohibits the sale of protected health information without individual authorization
– Finalizes the modifications to the HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Enforcement Rules

Slide 11 (Nursing Organizations’ Roles in HIPAA Policy):
– American Nurses Association (ANA) provides resources and guidance to help nurses navigate HIPAA regulations
– ANA advocates for policies that balance protecting patient privacy with enabling high-quality, well-coordinated care
– American Academy of Nursing works to translate HIPAA legislation into practical implementation for nursing practice
– Many nursing specialty organizations provide HIPAA education and compliance best practices for their members

Slide 12 (HIPAA’s Impact on Healthcare – Privacy and Security):
– Greatly increased patient privacy rights and protections against misuse of their health information
– Mandated standardized safeguards to secure patient data held by healthcare providers and insurers
– Enables patients to access their health information and restricts disclosure of health data
– Created a cultural shift toward greater privacy and security awareness in healthcare

Slide 13 (HIPAA’s Impact on Healthcare – Electronic Transactions):
– Standardized electronic data interchange in healthcare, reducing paperwork and streamlining processes
– Enabled more efficient communication of health information between providers, payers, and clearinghouses
– Facilitated the growth of electronic health records and health information exchange
– Reduced administrative burdens and costs associated with manual, paper-based transactions

Slide 14 (HIPAA’s Impact on Healthcare – Compliance and Enforcement):
– Established an enforcement structure with monetary penalties for HIPAA violations
– Increased accountability of healthcare organizations and business associates for protecting patient information
– Spurred healthcare providers to implement rigorous privacy and security compliance programs
– Elevated privacy and security as major, ongoing priorities in healthcare operations

Slide 15 (Challenges and Criticisms of HIPAA):
– Complexity of the regulations can create confusion and administrative burdens
– Some argue that HIPAA may limit the free exchange of health information needed for optimal care coordination
– Compliance requirements have imposed significant costs on healthcare organizations
– Enforcement has been inconsistent, with relatively few penalties issued compared to the number of complaints

Slide 16 (Nurses’ Involvement in HIPAA Policymaking):
– Nurses can provide input on how HIPAA policies impact day-to-day patient care delivery
– Nursing organizations can advocate for HIPAA policies that best serve both patients and the nursing profession
– Nurses can participate in shaping their employers’ HIPAA compliance policies and procedures
– Nurse informaticists play key roles in designing systems and workflows supporting HIPAA compliance

Slide 17 (Nurses’ Roles in HIPAA Implementation):
– Nurses are responsible for complying with HIPAA regulations in their daily practice
– This includes appropriately accessing, using, and disclosing patient health information
– Nurses may serve as HIPAA compliance resources or committee members within their organizations
– Nurses educate patients about their HIPAA rights and their healthcare organizations’ privacy practices

Slide 18 (The Future of HIPAA):
– HIPAA will continue evolving to keep pace with advances in health information technology
– Increasing use of electronic records, mobile devices, and patient-generated data will present new privacy challenges
– Precision medicine and increased data sharing for research will necessitate updates to HIPAA policies
– Nurses will remain key stakeholders in shaping HIPAA policies that work for patients and providers

Slide 19 (Conclusion):
– Over 25 years, HIPAA has reshaped the privacy, security, and administration of health information
– Nursing organizations have influenced HIPAA policy on behalf of both patients and the nursing profession
– HIPAA has brought major advances but also challenges in terms of compliance and balancing privacy with data sharing
– Nurses play essential roles in HIPAA policymaking, compliance, and implementation and will help shape its future

Slide 20 (References):
1. Cohen, I. G., & Mello, M. M. (2018). HIPAA and Protecting Health Information in the 21st Century. JAMA, 320(3), 231–232. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2018.5630
2. Moore, W., & Frye, S. (2019). Review of HIPAA, Part 1: History, Protected Health Information, and Privacy and Security Rules. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, 47(4), 269–272. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnmt.119.227819
3. Mulkey, S. W. (2019). HIPAA, Information Technology, and Privacy Issues. Radiologic Technology, 90(6), 563–575.
4. Scott, K. (2019). Nurses’ Role Upholding HIPAA. Nevada RNformation, 28(3), 14.
5. Solove, D. (2018, July 1). HIPAA turns 20: A look back at its impact. Healthcare IT News. https://www.healthcareitnews.com/news/hipaa-turns-20-look-back-its-impact

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